Carbureter.



J. SACHS..

` CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23., 1911.

1,171,145. l Patented Feb.8,1916.

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fA-VI/ENTOR J. SACHS.

. CARBURETER.. APPL|cAT1oN`F|LED ram/23.11911.

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Patented Feb. 8, 1916. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 AH my X @I IV Ii H7 IVJYNESSES:

J. SACHS.

CARBURET'ER.

APPLICATION 'FILED MAY 23| 1911. A Patented Feb. 8,1916.

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JOSEPH SACHS, or Hain'rronn, ooNNEc'r'IcIrr.

CARBURETER.

bureters, of which the following is a specication.

In explosive engines such as are used for driving motor propelled vehicles, the liquid fuel is supplied by means of what is known as a carbureter which consists of a' vaporizing outlet for the fuel, an air supply with which the vaporized fuel is mixed, and av chamber in which thisr mixing occurs. These are the essential and necessaryparts of -a carbureter, although it has become customary to refer to a complete Structure, including lvalves of various types and lfor various purposes, as a carbureter. It is convenient manytimes to locate the various valves in the carbureterhousing, but in my use .ofi the term carbureter in the following specification and claims, I refer merely to the vaporizing outlet, the air supply and the-mixing chamber. For the economical voperation of an ex plosive engine two things are essential.

First, that the mixture of vaporized fuel' and air must be maintained in proper proportion.l Second, that the amount of the explosive'. mixture supplied to the engine shouldl vary in proportion to the demands ofthe engine.v l

As iswell knownthe essentiald parts of the carbureter are the vaporizing outlet and the main and auxiliary air inlets by means of which the liquid fuel is-vaporized and mixed with the proper proportion of air to produce an explosive mixture.v When the proper composition of the explosive mixture has been-determined it is deslrable thatl it bemaintained uniform.' It is also essential that the carbureter be vprovided wlth suit'- able devices by means of which the kamount of explosive mixture fed to the enginewill be properly proportioned to -the speed `'at which 1t operates. In other Words'it is necsary tothe economical operation of an engine of this type that the compcsition f of the explosive mixture .be vmamt'am'ed con@ stant while the quantity supplied to the Specification of Letters Patent. I

engine should vary inproportion to its demands.4 ,v

A very desirable :feature in connection with the .operation of carbureters particularly in conjunction. with automobile engines is the provision of means whereby they can be easily and conveniently convehicle.

, trolled by the operator from his seat in the Patented Feb. 8, i916. Application mea may 23, 1911. serial No. 628,982.

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The object of my invention is to producea carbureter which is electrically controlled for either one or a number of the following purposes, namely, to control the proportion .of the explosive mixture, the amount of the ex losive mixtu're, the vaporization of the fue and the supply of the fueL-"j'Broadly considered these results are"accomplished by means of either the heating or magnetic manifestations of an electric current separately or combined. More particularly I propose to utilize the heating manifestations of the current for warming the fuel at or near the point where vaporization occurs and I employ the magnetic and-heating effect either in the same or correlated devices to-control the flow'of fuel to the` point at which it is vaporized and also, if desired, the auxiliary air supply. I also arrange the electrical circuits and connections and provide Asuitable current supply which` may be the engine ignition' system-so thatv these electrically controlled means or deerated. 4 n

I `have selected forl illustration various vices may be ,manually orl automatically opembodiinents of my invention and parts In the drawings: Figure 1 is a central vertical section showing a carbureter-of the float feed type with 'certain features of my invention embodied therein. Fi 1A is a detail view lshowin 'a modified form of a vaporizing outlet. ig., 2 is a central verticalsection of a second embodiment of my invention. Fig. 3 is a central vertical sec- 4.tion of another form of carbureter 1in which structure there are embodied all of the controlling and regulating devices heretofore referredto. .In 4 there is illustrated a what may b e terme variable level type lof ioat feed carbureter. lFig. 5 is a central vertical section of still` another modificaistics similar to those ascribed to Fig. 8.

Although in the practical application of the various features of my invention the 'carbureter will require specially designed parts it is nevertheless true that the general structure and mode of operation of the car-v bureter is n q'tpchanged. Flach embodiment may have a carbureter casing or housing 1 with the main air inlet 2, an auxiliary air inlet 3, and the vaporizing outlet 4. Usually there is lused what is called a Venturi tube indicated at 5 which restricts the slze of the main air supply at or near the mouth of the outlet in order to eect a more complete and regular vaporization of the fuel. These parts are all old and well known and are used in Various arrangements in carbureters of.

different types. When the carbureter is of the oat feed type there is a float chamber 6 to which the fuel is supplied by a pipe 7 thel supply being controlled by the float 8 the float chamber being in communication w1th the fuel chamber 9 in the carbureter from which it passes up through the central core.

of the vaporizing outlet v One feature of my invention resides in provision of means for heating the fuel at or near the point where vapor-ization occurs and a simple method of accomplishing this result is indicated in Fig. 1 consisting of a coil 10 which as shown is embedded in enamel or other temperatureresisting insulated material which is slipped down over the outlet, the terminals of the coil being connected to a suitable source of current supply. 1f preferred the Vaporizing outlet itself can be made of resistance material one terminal being connected from a` source of current supply at the lower end of the outlet and the other terminal near the upper end thereof, as illustrated in Fig. 1A. ln the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 the vaporizing outlet is heated by a coil surrounding it.

Another feature'of my invention is the electrical control of the fuel supply and a simple embodiment of this invention is illustrated in Fig. 1 where 12 denotes an electromagnet, the core 13 operates a member as the lever 14 which` engages a stem 15 on the float 8. When the coils ofthe magnet 12 are energized the core 13 is drawnv up depressing the float 8 and opening the supply` yalve 16. 1f this electromagnet receives lts current from the magneto or a separate quently to the vaporizing outlet will be regulated according to the speed of the engine and asthe speed increases and the engine demands more mixture a larger supply of fuel will be provided. If desired this,

electromagnet can, of Course, be connected up with the heating coil 10 in series or in any other convenient and practical manner. By reference to Fig. 2 it will be noted that the vaporizing outlet in this embodiment of the invention is in the form of a cap 20 of porous material in which the heating coil 21 is embedded and that the fuel supply valve" 16 is carried by the core 22 of an electromagnet which as shown is connected in series with the heating coil of the tcap 20. The supply of fuel to the fuel chamber 9 of the carbureter is controlled according as the magnetic effect of the electromagnet is increased or diminished. 24idenotes one of a set of arms by means of w `ich the fuel chamber is supported in the bot om of the casing, the main air supply being through the bottom of the casing. 1

In Fig. 3 there is illustrated another embodiment of the invention wherein thecarbureter is completely controlled by the-*magnetic and heating effect ofthe coil. Supported on the fuel chamber 9 of the carbureter is a tubular sleeve 30 to the -upper end of which is secured a core 31 on which is mounted the cap 32 ofv porous material. ln the lower end of this tubular sleeve is a movable core 33 which actuates the supply valve 16 through the medium of the levers 34 the core 33 being ,fluted and the core 31- being apertured to permit Q fwthe upward travel of the fuelrto the cap 32. 0n this" core there is mounted the magnetic coil 36. Near the upperend of the-tubular sleeve there is secured the 'cap 37 which 4partly incloses the coil 36'and underneath the coil there is secured to the tubular sleeve the disk 38. The Venturi tube 5 is mounted to slide in the casing 1 and has at its upper end a shutter 39 to control the lauxiliary air passages 39 and at its lower end a sleeve armature 40.: The terminals of the coil are, of course, connected to any suitable current supply as batteries, magneto or Aa separate generator run by the engine. As this coil ,is energizedthe heat generated will be im- 'will be drawn up opening the supply valve 16v and the armature 40 will be attracted vopening the auxiliary air passages 39. lf

the coil is excited by mechanism operated by the engine the carbureter will `be oper` ated to supply sulicient mixture to' the engine according to its requirements.

rlhe embodiment 'of my invention illustrated in Fig. 4 is in connection withv a float feed carbureter and is what may be terni'ed'i outlet is at about the level of the fuel in the float chamber and consequently but a small surface'areav of fuel is subjected to vapriz 'ing action. As the coil becomes energized the outlet is heated and is also drawn down depressing the diaphragm and as the level of the liquid will remain the same it will be seen that va largerarea of fuel is presented for the vaporizing action, thus providing an increased supply of explosive mixture.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 5 .the vaporizing outlet has a widely flaring mouth 50 vwhich isI adapted to be closed by the cap 51 which is connected by the rod 52 to the supply valve 16 which is operated through the levers Sllvby the core 33 when it is attracted by the coil 36. It will be seen that the cap 51 is raised with the valvel 16 permitting of the passage of a larger amount of .fuel from the mouth of the vaporizing outlet. l Q

` In Fig. 6I have shown diagrammatically the4 electrical control system as it'would be connected in one form of actual installation.` The electrical controlling means forth'e carbureter,which may be of any one of the forms hereinabove illustrated and described .or any other proper embodiment, is' indicated at C.- One terminal of this electrical controlling means is connected to one terminal from the electric generator Gr which may be a separate machine :operated by the,

engine or the magneto used for ignition or other purposes., The other terminal of the electrical controlling means passes through a time contact T which in this particular case consists of .a clock work mechanism similar to that used in messenger 'call boxes and constructed so that the contact arm A 'when brought into contact with the starting or battery terminal S will remain in this V position for a short time sufficient to pass a current from the battery B through the controlling means to produce the "proper starting condition in the carbureter. 'After this condition has been obtained the leverA. is moved by the clock work back to theA so called running position on the contact R connecting the electrical 4controlling means into the generator circuit. Of course, this time contact switch may be located inany convenient position preferably within easy reach of the operator, also other switches may be provided in ease itis desired to operate the electrical controlling mechanism starting of the engine.

entirely froml the` battery under any par ticular conditions.

In Fig. 7 which is a diagrammatic representation of apractical installatier. when Athe energy for the electrical controllingdevices is produced by a battery. C denotes the 'controlling dev|ice, B the battery, D the distributer by jmeans of which the current from the battery is supplied to the primaries P of the induction coils from the secondaries of which (not shown) the high tension current is carried to the spark plugs (not shown). The controlling device C is connected in series with the primaries of the l induction coils. S is a spring controlled switch by means of which the controlling de- 'vice may be directly'connected across the battery when the Aengine Vis being started. When the engine is to be started the switch maybe closed manually against the spring and the current is allowed to pass through the controlling device until proper conditions have been produced` to insure the easy For instance, the engineis no w started and the current is supplied from the battery to the primaries of the induction coilsin succession and as -the controlling devi/'ce C is in series it will also receive the current impulses and continue to operate as by heating the lvaporizing outlet. If this effectis no longer desired the controlling device may be short circuited by means of the switch S. Theswitches S and S can be connected in case controlling device C is desired only for the starting of the engine or where a combined battery and lmagneto construction is used the controlling device may be switched od from the battery to the magneto after the engine has been started.

While I haveillustratjed and described a number 'of diderent embodiments .of the various features of my invention I am aware that the invention is susceptible of other embodiments and I desire it to be clearly understood that I do not intend to limit myself to any one orV all of the exact embodiments herein illustrated and described or to any ofthe various combinations of the sepa-v rate features of the invention. i I desire it to be further understood that my invention contemplates the use of either the heating or magnetic manifestations of the electric current either separately or together to accomplish the desired results. For instance, the supply valve can be thermally operated dueto the expansion of a coperating part caused by the heating effect of the coill I also desire it to be understood that the terms used' herein are terms of description and not of limitation.

I claim 1. Ina primer for explosive engines, a vaporizing chamber, an electric heating` device in the chamber, means for admitting combination, hydro-carbon supply means, a y

valve adapted to control the passage of the hydro-carbon to a motor, means for heating the hydro-carbon, and controlling means common to said valve and heating means for governing the operation of the same.

3. In a primerfor explosive engines, in combination, hydro-carbon supply means, a

` heater for the hydro-carbon, a casing having la passageconnecting the hydro-carbon supply means With said heater, a valve normally closing the passage, and means common to the heater and the valve for starting said heater and operating said valve.

.4. A carbureter including a vaporizing nozzle, -a valve to control the supplyof fuel to said nozzle, and a single means actuated v by thermal and magnetic manifestations of an electric current for controlling the action of said valve and the vaporization at the nozzle, and a source of supply of electric current.

5., A carbureter comprising a vaporizing nozzle and a main air supply, a valve to control the supply of 4fuel thereto, an auxiliary air supply andal valve therefor, a conductor of electric current, means actuated by thermal manifestations of the current to control the vaporizing eect, and, by the magnetic manifestations of the current to control the action of said valves, kand a source of supply of electric current.

6. In a vaporizer for explosive engines, a

hydrocarbon fuel passage, a valve in said passage,

a heater associated with said passage and controlling means operable for governing the actuation of said Valve and heating means either simultaneously or con'- secutively.

JOSEPH SACHS.` Witnesses: I

M. E. NELLL,

' H. E. HART. 

